Cyclopropane 环丙烷

CAS 75-19-4 MFCD00001268

化学结构图

75-19-4
SMILES: C1CC1

化学属性

Mol. FormulaC3H6
Mol. Weight42.09
Autoignition Point928 °F
Vapor Density1.45 (vs air)
Boiling Point-33 °C(lit.)
Melting Point-128 °C(lit.)
Solubility微溶于水,易溶于乙醇、乙醚等多数有机溶剂。

别名和识别编码

Chemical NameCyclopropane
Synonym {uni_hamburg} cyclopropane (CP) 环丁烷 Trimethylene trimethylene(cyclic) 环丙烷 三甲撑 cyclopropane (INN) C3H6 (cyclopropane) CYCLOPROPANE, 99+% trimethylene (cyclic) Trimethylene (cyclic) TRIMETHYLENE RC 270 環丙烷 Cyclopropane cyclopropane,liquefied CYCLOPROPANE 三亚甲基 Cyclopropnane
MDL NumberMFCD00001268
CAS Number75-19-4
PubChem Substance ID6351
EC Number200-847-8
Chemical Name Translation环丙烷
Merck Number13,2777
Wiswesser Line NotationL3TJ
InChIInChI=1S/C3H6/c1-2-3-1/h1-3H2
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分类

  • {uni_hamburg} no charge; carbocycle; alicycle; 3ring; 1fragment
  • {SNA} Chemical Synthesis, Specialty Gases, Synthetic Reagents

相关文献及参考

  • Short: II/19a Title: Molecular Constants: Rotational, l-type, Centrifugal Distortion and Related Constants of Diamagnetic Diatomic, Linear, and Symmetric Top Molecules Author: Demaison, J.; Hüttner, W.; Tiemann, E.; Wlodarczak, G. Editor: Hüttner, W. Source: Landolt-Börnstein, New Series Volume: II/19a Year: 1992 Keyword: organic compounds; molecular constants; spectroscopy; microwave spectroscopy ISBN: 3-540-54409-7 ISBN: 978-3-540-54409-8 Internet Resource: DOI:10.1007/b42304 RefComment: XI, 143 pages. Abstract: Volume II/19 Molecular Constants mostly from Microwave, Molecular Beam and Sub-Doppler Laser Spectroscopy is a supplement to the earlier volumes II/4, II/6, and II/14. The slight change in the title reflects current trends in the applications of spectroscopic methods. Together, the four volumes collect all the critically evaluated data published up to 1989/90 on constants of free molecules obtained by classical and modern spectroscopy. Volume II/19 is divided into four parts to record the growing number of investigations, especially in the microwave and millimeter wave regions, where modern techniques like Fourier Transform Microwave Spectroscopy have made new objects of interest such as molecular complexes and clusters accessible to study. Subvolume II/19a contains a general introduction and tables of rotational and centrifugal distortion constants of diamagnetic, diatomic, linear and symmetric top molecules, which specify the frequences of the rotational transitions of these types of rotor.
  • Short: II/19b Title: Molecular Constants: Rotational, Centrifugal Distortion and Related Constants of Diamagnetic Asymmetric Top Molecules Author: Demaison, J.; Hüttner, W.; Vogt, J.; Wlodarczak, G. Editor: Hüttner, W. Source: Landolt-Börnstein, New Series Volume: II/19b Year: 1992 Keyword: organic compounds; molecular constants; spectroscopy; microwave spectroscopy ISBN: 3-540-54578-6 ISBN: 978-3-540-54578-1 Internet Resource: DOI:10.10

安全信息

GHS Symbol
WGK Germany1
Hazard statements
  • H220 Extremely flammable gas 极易燃气体。
  • H280 Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated 内含高压气体,遇热可能爆炸。
Personal Protective Equipment Eyeshields, Faceshields, Gloves, half-mask respirator (US), multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US)
RTECSGZ0690000
Precautionary statements
  • P410+P403
  • P210 Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking. 远离热源/火花/明火/热的表面。——禁止吸烟。
Signal word Danger
Safety Statements
  • S9 Keep container in a well-ventilated place 保持容器在通风良好的场所;
  • S33 Take precautionary measures against static discharges 对静电采取预防措施;
  • S16 Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking 远离火源,禁止吸烟;
Hazard Codes F+
Risk Statements
  • R12 Extremely flammable 极端易燃
UN Number UN 1027 2.1
Warnings 危化品目录(2015) 危险化学品
TYPE OF TEST            : LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 282 gm/m3/2H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - excitement
REFERENCE :
   JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.  (Williams &
   Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202)  V.1-    1909/10-
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 58,74,1936

TYPE OF TEST            : Cytogenetic analysis
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Inhalation
TEST SYSTEM             : Bird - chicken
DOSE/DURATION           : 20 pph/3H
REFERENCE :
   ANESAV Anesthesiology.  (Lippincott/Harper, Journal Fulfillment Dept., 2350
   Virginia Ave., Hagerstown, MD 21740)  V.1-    1940- Volume(issue)/page/year:
   34,157,1971

其他信息

  • HazardClass:2.1
  • 制备方法:1,以1,2-二溴环丙烷为原料,在无水乙醇中用锌粉还原制得。 2,以1,3-二溴丙烷为原料,在无水乙醇中用锌粉还原制得。 3,以1,3-二溴丙烷为原料,与钠蒸气作用,可制得环丙烷。 4,以1,3-二氯丙烷为原料,在过量锌粉及无水乙醇存在下,加热制得。 5,以1,3-二氯丙烷为原料,在碘化钠存在下,用锌粉还原制得。 6,以乙烯为原料,在铜-锌复合催化剂作用下,与二碘甲烷反应制得。
  • 环烷烃:环丙烷是环烷烃同系列中第一个成员,含3个碳原子,化学性质较一般环烷烃活泼,分子式C3H6,分子量42.08,无色易燃气体,有石油醚的气味。蒸汽比重1.45,熔点-126.6℃,沸点-33℃。标况下密度为1.879g/L。在192~588kPa(4~6个大气压)下可液化。稍溶于水,易溶于乙醇、乙醚等有机溶剂。与空气形成爆炸性混和物,爆炸极限为2.4%~10.3%(体积),极易爆炸,其燃烧和爆炸性比毒性更为危险。其性质不稳定,容易变为开链化合物,易为浓硫酸吸收,在铂催化剂作用下易加氢得到丙烷,与溴反应开链生成1,3-二溴丙烷,在铂催化下加热至50℃,可重排为丙烯。环丙烷可用于有机合成,医药上用作麻醉剂。麻醉浓度: 兔为240~258g/m3,猫为172~206g/m3,狗为258~292g/m3,浓度超过430~516g/m3时动物可因呼吸麻痹而死亡,狗的MLC为516g/m3。环丙烷还具有类似烷烃的性质,如不被高锰酸钾氧化(不褪色),能与氯气发生游离基取代生成氯代环丙烷等。环丙烷骨架广泛存在于各类有机物中,如除虫菊酯杀虫剂一般都是环丙烷的羧酸酯。本品可由1,3-二溴丙烷或1,3-二氯丙烷与钠或锌作用而制得。 环丙烷性质活泼,被认为系其特殊的碳环结构所致。根据量子力学计算,其碳环键角为105.5°,分子中碳原子间弯曲重叠,形如香蕉。由于碳碳弯曲成键,不仅重叠程度较少,而且使电子层分布在连接两个碳原子的直线的外侧,提供了被亲电试剂进攻的位置,故易发生开环加成等反应。
  • 蒸气密度:1.45 (vs air)
  • RTECS号:GZ0690000
  • 脂肪族环烃类:脂肪族环烃类简称脂环烃,是具有脂肪族化合物性质的闭链烃。可分为饱和的环烷烃和不饱和的环烯烃。 环烷烃存在于石油中,是石油产品的组分。常见的环烷烃包括:环丙烷,环丁烷,环已烷,甲基环已烷,萘烷,液体燃料和溶剂中所含的环烷烃,分子量较小,而润滑剂中所含的分子量较大。在化工生产中,它们也作为原料和溶剂。环烯烃是石油化工和煤焦化工的副产品,用作化工原料。植物中含有的脂环烃称为萜(部分萜为开链烃)。工业上常用的萜的混合物是松节油。本类化合物多为易燃液体,其蒸气在常温空气中可达到爆炸浓度。 脂环烃在毒理学上与相应的开链烃相似。一般说来,脂环烃是麻醉剂和中枢神经系统抑制剂。环烷烃的吸入麻醉作用较相应的开链烃为强。环烯烃的麻醉作用随分子结构中双键数目的加多而增强。脂环烃的急性毒性低,几乎全部从体内排出,一般无慢性中毒的危险。液态脂环烃对皮肤有刺激性。高浓度蒸气可产生粘膜刺激。环烯烃的刺激性比环烷烃大。直接吸入液态脂环烃可引起肺炎、肺水肿及肺出血。无论吸入、经口或经皮入体,均未发现脂环烃对造血组织有损害作用。
  • MOL 文件:75-19-4.mol
  • 外观性质:无色气体, 有石油醚样气味。

系列性分类


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