2-Nitrotoluene 2-硝基甲苯
CAS 88-72-2 MFCD00007157
信息真实价格透明
资金保障
专业采购外包团队在线服务
信息真实价格透明
资金保障
专业采购外包团队在线服务
品牌质保精细包装
现货库存
一流品牌服务
分类
- {SA} Building Blocks, Chemical Synthesis, Nitro Compounds, Nitrogen Compounds, Organic Building Blocks
- {uni_hamburg} no charge; carbocycle; aromatic; 6RingOnly; 6ring; 2fragments
- {SNA} Analytical Standards, Aromatics, Chemical Class, Chromatography, Environmental Standards, Nitro Compounds, Solid Waste, Standards for Personal Care and Cosmetic Products, neats, prohibited substances (EU-REGULATION No 1223/2009), 分析/色谱
- {SNA} Alphabetical Index of Analytical Standards, Analytical Standards, Analytical/Chromatography, Aromatics, Chemical Class, Chromatography, Environmental Standards, N, NA - NI,
相关文献及参考
- Short: EINECS
- Merck: 14,6650 Beilstein:5,318
- Short: IV/4
- Merck: 14,6650
安全信息
GHS Symbol
- H302 Harmful if swallowed 吞食有害
- H350 May cause cancer 可能致癌
- H361 Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child 怀疑对生育能力或未出生婴儿造成伤害
- H411 Toxictoaquaticlifewithlonglastingeffects 对水生生物有毒性并具有长期影响。
- H340 May cause genetic defects 可能导致遗传性缺陷
- P308+P313
- P301+P312
- P281 Use personal protective equipment as required. 使用所需的个人防护装备。
- P273 Avoid release to the environment. 避免释放到环境中。
- P201 Obtain special instructions before use. 使用前获取专门指示。
- P501 Dispose of contents/container to..… 处理内容物/容器.....
- P301+P312+P330
- P264 Wash hands thoroughly after handling. 处理后要彻底洗净双手。
- P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. 使用本产品时不要吃东西,喝水或吸烟。
- P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. 不要吸入粉尘/烟/气体/烟雾/蒸汽/喷雾。
- P202 Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. 已阅读并理解所有的安全预防措施之前,切勿操作。
- P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. 戴防护手套/防护服/眼睛的保护物/面部保护物。
- P308+P311
- R36/37/38 Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin 对眼睛、呼吸系统和皮肤有刺激性
- R23/24/25 Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed 吸入,皮肤接触及吞食都有毒
- R11 Highly flammable 非常易燃
- R45 May cause cancer 可能致癌
- R62 Possible risk of impaired fertility 有削弱生殖能力的危险
- R46 May cause inheritable genetic damage 可能引起遗传基因损害
- R51/53
- R22 Harmful if swallowed 吞咽有害
- S61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/safety data sheet 避免释放到环境中,参考特别指示/安全收据说明书;
- S45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible) 发生事故时或感觉不适时,立即求医(可能时出示标签);
- S53 Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use 避免接触,使用前获得特别指示说明;
- S16 Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking 远离火源,禁止吸烟;
- S27 Take off immediately all contaminated clothing 立即脱掉全部污染的衣服;
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 54600 mg/kg/26W-C TOXIC EFFECTS : Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Reproductive - Tumorigenic effects - other reproductive system tumors REFERENCE : NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series. (Research Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206- Volume(issue)/page/year: NIH-96-3936
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit DOSE/DURATION : 1750 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Brain and Coverings - recordings from specific areas of CNS Liver - fatty liver degeneration Blood - methemoglobinemia-carboxyhemoglobin REFERENCE : GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 22(7),52,1978
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 891 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information. Volume(issue)/page/year: PB214-270
TYPE OF TEST : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 790 mg/m3 TOXIC EFFECTS : Brain and Coverings - recordings from specific areas of CNS Liver - fatty liver degeneration Blood - methemoglobinemia-carboxyhemoglobin REFERENCE : GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 22(7),52,1978
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 970 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dos
TYPE OF TEST : Unscheduled DNA synthesis TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - rat Liver DOSE/DURATION : 500 ug/L REFERENCE : EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year: 26,147,1995
TYPE OF TEST : Unscheduled DNA synthesis ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 200 mg/kg REFERENCE : CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year: 43,2836,1983
TYPE OF TEST : DNA adduct ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 150 mg/kg REFERENCE : CBINA8 Chemico-Biological Interactions. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1969- Volume(issue)/page/year: 51,131,1984
TYPE OF TEST : Sister chromatid exchange TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Ovary DOSE/DURATION : 355 mg/L REFERENCE : EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10(Suppl 10),1,1987
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE : 140 gm/kg SEX/DURATION : male 13 week(s) pre-mating TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) REFERENCE : NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series. (Research Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206- Volume(issue)/page/year: NIH-93-3346
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE : 32123 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : male 13 week(s) pre-mating TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct REFERENCE : NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series. (Research Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206- Volume(issue)/page/year: NIH-93-3346
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE : 69154 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 13 week(s) pre-mating TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Maternal Effects - menstrual cycle changes or disorders REFERENCE : NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series. (Research Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206- Volume(issue)/page/year: NIH-93-3346
其他信息
- 下游产品:邻甲基苯胺 --> 4-硝基甲苯 --> 吲哚 --> 2,6-二氯甲苯 --> 2,4-二氯甲苯 --> 3-硝基甲苯 --> 2-氰甲基苯磺酰胺 --> 邻硝基苯甲醛 --> 3-氯-2-甲基苯胺 --> 二氯喹啉酸 --> 2,4-二硝基甲苯 --> 4-氯-2-硝基甲苯 --> 2-氯-6-硝基甲苯 --> 硝苯地平 --> 显色基艳红 B --> 亚氨基芪甲酰氯 --> 5-甲基吩嗪硫酸甲酯 --> 5-氯邻甲苯胺 --> 双氯西林钠
- 邻硝基甲苯:邻硝基甲苯又称2-硝基甲苯、1-甲基-2-硝基苯。黄色油状透明液体。有硝基苯的气味。相对密度1.1629。熔点-2.9℃(α型,稳定型)、-9.5℃ (β型,非稳定型)。沸点221.7℃、118℃(2.133× 103Pa)、50.0℃(0.133×103Pa)。闪点106.1℃ (闭式)。折射率1.5450。粘度0.0262mPa·s (15℃)。蒸气压(×103Pa):10.906(5℃)、12.639 (10℃)、14.612(20℃)、15.892(30℃)。微溶于水(30℃时0.061),溶于苯、氯仿和石油醚,与乙醇和乙醚混溶。随水蒸气一起挥发。由于硝基的强吸电子性,使甲基易被氧化,根据氧化条件,可生成邻硝基苯甲醛或邻硝基苯甲酸;在催化剂作用下还原,可生成邻甲苯胺,继续硝化,生成2,4或2,6二硝基甲苯;也可氯化,生成硝基苄氯;也可生成偶氮化合物。大鼠经口LD50 801mg/kg。 邻硝基甲苯主要用作染料原料,制备4-氯-2-硝基甲苯,6-氯-2-硝基甲苯、邻甲苯胺、联邻甲苯胺和2,6-二氯苯甲醛等染料中间体;其中4-氯-2-硝基甲苯也是医药原料;邻甲苯胺也是农药杀菌剂的原料和香料原料;制备2,2′-二硝基苄、邻硝基苄基溴和溴己烷等医药原料;制备吲哚作为氨基酸和植物生长调节剂的原料;制备二硝基甲苯作为火药的原料;邻甲苯胺也可用作硫化促进剂;制备邻硝基安息香酸作为医药原料。
- 方法一:甲苯用混酸硝化,生成混合的硝基甲苯,其中主要是邻硝基甲苯(约占三分之二)和对硝基甲苯(约占三分之一),经分离即得纯品。将甲苯加入反应器中,冷却至25℃以下,加入配好的混酸(即硝酸25-30%,硫酸55-58%及水20-21%),调节温度不得超过50℃。连续搅拌1-2h,然后静置6h,将生成的硝基甲苯分离,水洗,碱洗,除去未反应的甲苯及脂肪族化合物,粗制硝基甲苯产品的组成为邻硝基甲苯55-60%、间位2-5%,对位35-40%。收率90-95%。利用沸点与熔点的差别进行粗馏与晶析,可分离出各异构体。即先将粗制硝基甲苯经真空蒸馏,分离出大部分的邻硝基甲苯,残余的含有较多对硝基甲苯的馏分,再经减压蒸馏分出,经冷却,结晶,分离即得成品。高沸点的焦油状物质残存在蒸馏釜中。间位硝基甲苯含在分离对位体后的母液中,经反复积累后再精馏获得。邻位和对位硝基甲苯纯度可分别达98%和99%。国内工艺芝程为两锅串联,反应温度主锅为40-45℃,次锅为50-55℃。混酸的配制大致相仿,硝酸26-28%,硫酸56-57%,水16-18%。原料消耗定额:甲苯(98%)800kg/t、硝酸(98%)470kg/t、硫酸(92.5%)450kg/t、烧碱(42%)100kg/t。
- 用途一:用作染料、农药的中间体,也用于生产涂料、塑料和医药等
- 有硝基苯的味道,有毒。能随水蒸气挥发。易熔于乙醇,乙醚,苯,氯仿,易燃。不溶于水,水中溶解度:0.44 g/L (20°C),等毒,半数致死量(大鼠,经口)891mg/kg。有刺激性。
- 常规方法:参见“对硝基甲苯”。
- Sigma Aldrich:88-72-2(sigmaaldrich)
- 图谱信息:2-硝基甲苯(88-72-2)红外图谱(IR2) 2-硝基甲苯(88-72-2)核磁图( 13 CNMR) 2-硝基甲苯(88-72-2)红外图谱(IR1) 2-硝基甲苯(88-72-2)核磁图( 1 HNMR) 2-硝基甲苯(88-72-2)质谱(MS)
- 用途二:主要用于生产邻甲苯胺、联甲苯胺,是染料、涂料、塑料和医药的重要原料。在医药工业用于生产硝苯吡啶、痛
- 上游
- 职业标准:TWA 28 毫克/立方米; STEL 58 毫克/立方米
- {Che
- MSDS 信息:2-硝基甲苯(88-72-2).msds
- {Chem